I've written a previous article explaining how teleportation and/or mind uploading will actually be "the real you". But I realized it was hard to read, so I'm going for a simpler, condensed explanation in this article (with pictures).
The essence of this "proof" is a very simple proof by induction common to mathematics.
Imagine there are two brains, A and B. Brain A is your original brain. Brain B is a perfectly physically identical copy of your brain that was created/materialized in a new location.
- Swapping a 1-atom chunk from each brain, won't result in your consciousness "jumping over" from brain A to brain B.
- If swapping an X-atom chunk from each brain won't result in your consciousness "jumping over" and changing locations, then neither would swapping an X+1 atom chunk. For example, if in one case the swapped chunks were 1 trillion atoms big, and you hypothesize there is no "jumping over" in this case, it would be irrational to claim that there would have been a jumping over if the chunks had been just 1 atom bigger.
- #1 establishes the base case, and #2 establishes the proof-by-induction ladder all the way to swapping the whole brain. Therefore, swapping your whole brain must be the same as not swapping anything at all.
So copying yourself then doing nothing, is exactly the same as copying yourself and then swapping your bodies. Even from "your" point of view. This sounds like crazy talk, but if you disagree you'd have to poke a hole in the proof by induction outlined above, in which, as far as I know, there isn't any.
To understand why this is not a paradox, requires abandoning some very deeply rooted intuitions about consciousness:
- You are your physical brain: False. You are the information which is produced by the physical brain. Your consciousness is the information itself, not whatever substrate the information happens to be running on.
- There is a continuous self, aka "I think therefore I was": False. There's only "I think therefore I am". You can consider your present self to be a new consciousness that beliefs they're the old one from yesterday. There's no physical evidence for an extra thread of continuity to your past self any more than what your brain's memories are telling you to believe.
Once you abandon the incorrect assumptions about consciousness, everything starts to make way more sense, and the paradoxes resolve themselves. I understand that my claims are extraordinary which require extraordinary evidence, but I believe the proof by induction is more than enough to satisfy this requirement. As the saying goes, “once you eliminate the impossible, whatever remains, no matter how improbable, must be the truth.”
P.S. the most common response to this argument I have found over the years, is people say "it doesn't make sense to see from two pairs of eyes at once". I am honestly baffled by this and do not understand why people believe this is implied by my argument. If this was your reaction, please re-read and understand the post. The fact that magical telepathy cannot exist is precisely why we can conclude there is nothing that needs to "jump over" in the first place (it's an illusion).
Alright. Firstly, we know that identical people exist. They are called twins. But by your logic, at the moment of their birth, they are exactly the same thing, which is clearly false.That's why linguistically "identical" does not mean "equal" and we intuitively understand this. If one of the twins shoots himself, he dies. He doesn't continue to exist as the other twin; he just dies. And if you were to replicate yourself and then shoot yourself, your identical copy would live and you would die. We wouldn't be able to tell as external observers, but you certainly would. Max would be dead and Max2 would exist in your place.
ReplyDeleteLet's assume for the sake of your argument the twins have perfectly identical brains at birth. Then as soon as they're born they become two different people with two different experiences. This doesn't contradict what I said at all. I'm not saying brains A and B are literally the same person henceforth. I'm saying it's just as correct to say you're brain B as it is to say you're brain A because the whole concept of "continuous you" is an illusion in the first place.
DeleteInstead of interpreting my argument as saying the two brains are the exact same thing, think about it as me just dismantling what the common intuition is, of what it means to be "you" -- namely, there being zero evidence of a connection with the "you" from 1 hour ago other than what your brain's physical memories are telling you to believe.
"And if you were to replicate yourself and then shoot yourself, your identical copy would live and you would die." You just restated the same mainstream argument that the guy at the end of star trek teleporation is just a copy of you rather than actually you. It's the entire reason I wrote the article to begin with. Instead of just restating the problem, please read the original post and respond to any specific part(s) of my argument you have a problem with.
Twins aren't even remotely identical people in the neurological or psychological sense, not by a really really long shot. They just have the same genome, that's all. There is absolutely nothing identical about the hundred billion neurons or hundred trillion synapses in their brains.
ReplyDeleteGood write-up Max. The fractional replacement scenario is described in detail in both my book and my JoCS paper (the Fallacy paper) and the Sorites paradox is discussed in the Fallacy paper as well. You have presented the topics well. Good luck.
A Taxonomy and Metaphysics of Mind-Uploading
https://www.amazon.com/Taxonomy-Metaphysics-Mind-Uploading-Keith-Wiley/dp/0692279849/
The Fallacy of Favoring Gradual Replacement Mind Uploading Over Scan-and-Copy
https://arxiv.org/abs/1504.06320
The Stream of Consciousness and Personal Identity
http://keithwiley.com/mindRamblings/mindUploadingStreamOfConsciousness.shtml
Thanks so much
DeleteInteresting thoughts I really enjoyed your blog
ReplyDelete